Prep the pan and oven. Heat the oven to 425°F (220°C). Line a 12-cup muffin pan with paper liners or grease well.
Whisk the dry ingredients. In a large bowl, whisk flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt until evenly combined.
Mix the wet ingredients. In a separate bowl or large measuring cup, whisk sugar, eggs, Greek yogurt, oil, and vanilla until smooth.Add lemon zest if using.
Combine gently. Pour the wet mixture into the dry. Stir with a spatula until just combined. The batter should be thick and slightly lumpy. Do not overmix.
Fold in blueberries. Toss blueberries with 1 tablespoon flour, then fold into the batter.This helps keep them from sinking.
Fill the cups. Divide the batter among the muffin cups, filling each about 3/4 full. For taller tops, you can fill them nearly to the brim. Sprinkle with coarse sugar if you like.
Bake high, then lower. Bake at 425°F (220°C) for 5 minutes.Without opening the oven, reduce the temperature to 350°F (175°C) and bake 12–15 more minutes, until the tops are golden and a toothpick comes out clean or with a few moist crumbs.
Cool briefly. Let muffins cool in the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to a rack. Enjoy warm or at room temperature.